identity is a major issue; even more challenging is to measure its impact on economic outcomes such as the probability to work …

-dimensional acculturation framework based on both strength of identity to the (ethnic) minority and to the (Swedish) majority culture. Results …

Three decades ago most immigrants to Australia with work entitlements came as permanent settlers. Today the annual … allocation of temporary visas, with work entitlements, outnumbers permanent settler visas by a ratio of three to one. The new … immigrants come first as a temporary immigrant, to work or study, and then seek to move to permanent status. Around one half of …

roles depending on gender. We find some evidence that it is the Russian ethnic minority in Estonia and Latvia that drives …

gender, origin and educational attainment. For instance, EU15 immigrants do not display an employment or occupational gap …

1989 and later gave them authorization to work legally. The Chinese Student Protection Act, passed in October 1992, made … nationals residing in the U.S. on student or other temporary visas or illegally. Receiving permission to work legally and then a … 2000 than Chinese immigrants who arrived too late to benefit. The results suggest that getting legal work status and then a …