workers; and (iv) that among homosexual workers the gender gap is not observed. From this we conclude that the Dutch labor … market does not discriminate on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender in entry level jobs. …

involvement. Finally, stratification of the sample based on gender and marital status shows that compared to unmarried females …

returns are differentially greater for men and account for a substantial proportion of the gender earnings gap. A comparison … women may also narrow the gender earnings gap. …

growth, but only in stores where the store's manager and a large fraction of the employees have the same gender. Remarkably …

This paper surveys the trends in gender gaps in education, their causes and potential policy implications. I show that … increasing returns to education and lower female effort costs of education. Widening gender gap in education combined with recent … participation. The paper discusses evidence on educational policies that both widen and reduce gender gaps in educational outcomes. …

The existence of gender gaps in test scores has been documented in the relevant literature for a wide range of … across regions within the same country are crucial determinants in understanding gender differences in PISA 2009 test scores …: girls perform relatively better in both maths and reading in societies where gender equality is enhanced, and the effect …