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Indonesia; Selected Issues
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2012
This selected issues paper on Indonesia was prepared by a staff team of the International Monetary Fund as background … the views of the government of Indonesia or the Executive Board of the IMF. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011243208
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The Labor Supply and Retirement Behavior of China's Older Workers and Elderly in Comparative Perspective
Giles, John T.; Wang, Dewen; Cai, Wei - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
This paper highlights the employment patterns of China’s over-45 population and, for perspective, places them in the … context of work and retirement patterns in Indonesia, Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom. As is common in many … developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009371185
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Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions in Middle East and North African Countries
Arouri, Mohamed El Hedi; Ben Youssef, Adel; M'henni, Hatem - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
This article extends the recent findings of Liu (2005), Ang (2007), Apergis et al. (2009) and Payne (2010) by implementing recent bootstrap panel unit root tests and cointegration techniques to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, and real GDP for 12...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011279316
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The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: Growth and Transformation Plan 2010/11-2014/15: Volume I
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2011
This strategic paper discusses Ethiopia’s growth and transformation plan (GTP) for the periods 2010/2011 and 2014/2015. The Ethiopian government’s main development agenda has been poverty eradication. The government has designed, and is implementing, strategies, policies, and plans...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244884
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Rwanda; Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2008
Rwanda’s Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy provides a medium-term framework for achieving the country’s long-term development goals and aspirations as embodied in Rwanda Vision 2020, the seven-year Government of Rwanda programme, and the Millennium Development...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244912
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Exploring the Causality Links between Energy and Employment in African Countries
Arouri, Mohamed El Hedi; Ben Youssef, Adel; M'henni, Hatem - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
Using a bootstrap panel analysis that allows for cross-country dependence, without requiring the use of pre-tests for a unit root, we study the causality links between energy use and employment for a sample of 16 African countries over the 1991-2010 period (according to availability of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010795363
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Bhutan; Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
International Monetary Fund (IMF); International … - 2010
Bhutan has evolved from a closed economy to a trading nation that exhibits a high degree of dependence on trade. Exports have grown rapidly but overall the country’s trade deficit continues to widen owing to an even faster growth in the value of imports. The manufacturing and industry...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011243582
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Estimating the Effect of Student Aid on College Enrollment: Evidence from a Government Grant Policy Reform
Nielsen, Helena Skyt; Sørensen, Torben; Taber, Christopher - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
Danish reform. We separately identify the effect of aid from that of other observed and unobserved variables such as parental … income. We exploit the combination of a kinked aid scheme and a reform of the student aid scheme to identify the effect of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005233780
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Institutional Reforms and Educational Attainment in Europe: A Long Run Perspective
Braga, Michela; Checchi, Daniele; Meschi, Elena - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
In this paper we analyse the effects of changes in the institutional design of the educational system on school attainment. In particular, we test whether alternative reforms have increased the average educational attainment of the population and whether various deciles of the education...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009395442
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Incarceration and Crime: Evidence from California's Public Safety Realignment Reform
Lofstrom, Magnus; Raphael, Steven - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
local crime rates. We assess the effects of a recent reform in California that caused a sharp and permanent reduction in the … state's incarceration rate. We exploit the large variation across California counties in the effect of this reform on county …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010726721