, their movement over time, and their impact on poverty in the case of Poland. Poland, a middle-income country, is of … environment and the economic growth variables show a relatively sizable degree of variance. In addition, Poland has struggled in … the past few years to reduce poverty while still experiencing positive economic growth. The authors show that in Poland …

, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. The authors find that market reform has resulted in a large increase in the pace of job …

households gaining. They find that global free trade would result in a weighted average gain to households in Russia of 0 … of 0.2 percent of consumption). Russia, as a net food importer, loses from subsidy elimination, and the gains to Russia … from tariff cuts in other countries are too small to offset these losses. The results strongly support the view that Russia …

"The authors use data from a large nationally representative survey in Russia to analyze the distributional and welfare … implications of draft avoidance as a common response to Russia's highly unpopular conscription system. They develop a simple …