, there is some reason hope that private provision might promote microeconomic efficiency and services which are more … choice and innovation. Second, however, efficiency gains have often been limited. This is due to a number of inter …

new light on this question by comparing pre- and post-crisis migration movements at the regional level in both Europe and … in Europe. Indeed, in contrast to the pre-crisis situation and the findings of previous empirical studies, there is … tentative evidence that the migration response to the crisis has been considerable in Europe, in contrast to the United States …