, unemployment and spatial mobility become the central ones in recession. We also provide evidence of real wage rigidities in both …' relative position persists: those with the highest unemployment rates in 1996 were also in the worse position in 2012. To … reacts to regional employment shocks in a variety of cases. Shock responses are channelled via changes in unemployment …

youth unemployment in Europe? Economic theory predicts that in the absence of perfectly competitive labour markets, changes … in the relative size of age groups will cause changes in age-specific unemployment rates. In light of the expected … self-select into areas of low unemployment, the empirical analysis employs an instrumental variables estimator to identify …