This article examines whether various macroeconomic policy shocks have different effects on overall unemployment rate … and the unemployment rate by different levels of education in Turkey. These effects are assessed for total, male and … female unemployment rates separately. To examine the relationship, a quarterly VAR model with a recursive order is employed …

unemployment rates about the behavior of labor markets and the causes of joblessness are useful. …

This paper investigates the relationship between labor force participation rate and unemployment rate in Turkey a … indicate that there is no long-run relationship between labor force participation and unemployment rates in Turkey. Thus …, unlike in the case of the developed countries the unemployment invariance hypothesis is supported in Turkey. …

what extent business cycles or unemployment levels influence entries into entrepreneurship. Our analysis for Germany … reveals that there is a positive relationship between unemployment rates and start-up activities. Moreover, new business … disentangling periods of low and high unemployment we find that the effect of unemployment on new business formation is only …

transition probabilities between the labor market states of employment, unemployment and out-of-the labor force under Markovian … in unemployment rates of these groups. Second, we present estimates of gender-specific multinomial logit models to … have higher unemployment rates than urban men because they have lower probability of exiting unemployment for a job and …

only the end of unemployment for the new entrepreneur but also some further positive effects, e.g., direct job creation …,100 start-ups founded by unemployed persons in Germany. Individuals were subsidized under two different schemes, and we are able …

Germany experienced a unique rise in the level of self-employment in the first two decades following unification … employees and the overall level of self-employment in West Germany, their explanatory power is much lower for the stronger … increase of solo self-employment and of self-employment in former socialist East Germany. …

Based on representative micro data for Germany, we compare the incomes of self-employed with those of wage workers. Our …