heterogeneous groups. When punishment is not allowed all groups converge towards free-riding. With punishment, contributions … that these differences are not accidental but enforced by punishment. The enforced contribution norms are related to …

in biology and the social sciences. Recent experimental evidence suggests that altruistic punishment is an important … mechanism to maintain cooperation among humans. In this paper we explore the boundary conditions for altruistic punishment to … maintain cooperation by systematically varying the cost and impact of punishment, using a subject pool which extends beyond the …

and privileged groups with and without decentralized punishment. We find that compared to normal groups, privileged groups … are relatively ineffective in using costly sanctions to increase everyone's contributions. Punishment is less targeted …

This paper reports the results of a laboratory experiment on network formation among heterogeneous agents. The …

This paper is concerned with a policy oriented macroeconomic experiment involving an 'international' economy with a …

community-based schemes, but also information on who makes use of an available punishment mechanism through majority voting may … majority who would then abstain from using the punishment mechanism, and exclude those community members whose approval is then … voting. Second, when voting is public, responders are more reluctant to make use of the punishment mechanism, and …