manufacturing industries in Germany. We use unique newly available data that for the first time combine information from the …

western Germany from 1980 to 2004 and in eastern Germany from 1992 to 2004. Such a negative trend can be observed for men and … worker (significant in western Germany only). A decomposition analysis shows that differences in union density over time and … between eastern and western Germany to a large degree cannot be explained by differences in the characteristics of employees …

Germany, this paper presents the first comprehensive evidence on the relationship between exports and profitability. It …