Numerous studies have evaluated the effect of nutrition early in life on health much later in life by comparing … provide exogenous variation in the provision of nutrition. However, living through a famine early in life does not necessarily … imply a lack of nutrition during that age interval, and vice versa, and in this sense the observed difference at most …

development (R&D)) for a large representative sample of enterprises from manufacturing industries in Germany using unique newly …

Using a large administrative dataset for Germany, this paper compares employment developments in exiting and surviving … establishments. For both West and East Germany we find a clear "shadow of death" effect reflecting lingering illness: establishments … are more clearly visible in West than in East Germany. Our results also hold when applying a matching approach. …

manufacturing industries in Germany. We use unique newly available data that for the first time combine information from the …-productivity profiles, which are consistent with human capital theory, and adds a new finding of a rather negative effect of age on firms …

Using comprehensive data for West Germany, this paper investigates the determinants of establishment exit. We find that …

find that spinoffs are less likely to exit than other startups. We show that in West and East Germany and in all sectors …