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Cawley, John; Ruhm, Christopher J. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

Risky health behaviors such as smoking, drinking alcohol, drug use, unprotected sex, and poor diets and sedentary lifestyles (leading to obesity) are a major source of preventable deaths. This chapter overviews the theoretical frameworks for, and empirical evidence on, the economics of risky...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009024597

Gender Gaps in Spain: Policies and Outcomes over the Last Three Decades

Guner, Nezih; Kaya, Ezgi; Sánchez-Marcos, Virginia - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012

We document recent trends in gender equality in employment and wages in Spain. Despite an impressive decline in gender gap in employment, females are still less likely to work, and if they work they are more likely to be employed part time and with temporary contracts. The gender gap (after...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884108

The State of University Policy for Progress in Europe

Hoareau, Cécile; Ritzen, Jo; Marconi, Gabriele - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012

Higher education contributes to economic innovation. This study measures and compares the extent to which national …’ for higher education institutions, or in other words provide them with appropriate resources and regulatory environments … higher education performance in education, research and economic innovation, using non-arbitrary weights and eighteen policy …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884401

Equalization of Opportunity: Definitions, Implementable Conditions and Application to Early-Childhood Policy Evaluation

Andreoli, Francesco; Havnes, Tarjei; Lefranc, Arnaud - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014

This paper develops a criterion to assess equalization of opportunity that is consistent with theoretical views of equality of opportunity. We characterize inequality of opportunity as a situation where some groups in society enjoy an illegitimate advantage. In this context, equalization of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959715

Leaders as Role Models for the Voluntary Provision of Public Goods

Gächter, Simon; Renner, Elke - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014

We investigate the link between leadership, beliefs and pro-social behavior. This link is interesting because field evidence suggests that people's behavior in domains like charitable giving, tax evasion, corporate culture and corruption is influenced by leaders (CEOs, politicians) and beliefs...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959829

Got Water? Social Divisions and Access to Public Goods in Rural India

Balasubramaniam, Divya; Chatterjee, Santanu; Mustard, … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011

We use data for 436 rural districts from the 2001 Census of India to examine whether different aspects of social divisions help explain the wide variation in access to tap water across rural India. Studies linking social fragmentation to public goods usually aggregate different types of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009323389

Low-Wage Employment in Portugal: A Mixed Logit Approach

Barros, Carlos Pestana; Proença, Isabel; Vieira, José … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005

In this paper, we examine the determinants of low-wage employment in Portugal. For this purpose, we use a data file of the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) for the years 1998 and 1999. In order to take into account unobserved heterogeneity in the data, a random-parameter logit model is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762350

Public Policy and the Labor Market Adjustment of New Immigrants to Australia

Cobb-Clark, Deborah A. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2002

Two separate cohorts of immigrants to Australia are compared in order to assess the potential role of immigrant selection criteria, labor market conditions, and income-support policy in facilitating the labor market adjustment of new arrivals. Although these two cohorts entered Australia only...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703322

Generating Legitimacy for Labor Market and Welfare State Reforms: The Role of Policy Advice in Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden

Eichhorst, Werner; Wintermann, Ole - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005

Policy advice can help political actors design and implement institutional reforms through the generation of political and substantial legitimacy. This article clarifies the institutional preconditions of effective supply and transfer of policy advice with particular respect to the field of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703504

'The' Market for Higher Education: Does It Really Exist?

Becker, William E.; Round, David K. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2009

Higher education, like any other commodity or service, has been viewed in a variety of economic frameworks. Little of … education, which is the subject of this particular inquiry. Market definition is an essential preliminary step before any … higher education, those who provide inputs into the education process, or those who fund or otherwise subsidize it. The …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703607