This paper explores the relationship between openness to trade, immigration, and income per person across countries. To … predictors of openness to immigration and to trade for each country by using information on bilateral geographical and cultural … to immigration on long-run income per capita. In contrast, we are unable to establish an effect of trade openness on …

This paper argues that openness to goods trade in combination with an unequal distribution of political power has been … provision of schooling are typically lower in an open than in a closed economy. Moreover, we find that, under openness to trade …, development is faster in a democratic system. We also endogenize the trade regime and demonstrate that, in political equilibrium …