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Shadow Economies around the World: What Do We Know?
Schneider, Friedrich; Klinglmair, Robert - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2004
Using various statistical procedures, estimates about the size of the shadow economy in 110 developing, transition and OECD countries are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of official GDP) over 1999-2000 in developing countries is 41%, in transition countries 38% and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703568
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Shadow Economies and Corruption All Over the World: What Do We Really Know?
Schneider, Friedrich - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006
Estimations of the size and development of the shadow economy for 145 countries, including developing, transition and highly developed OECD economies over the period 1999 to 2003 are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (as a percent of “official” GDP) in 2002/03 in 96...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005703821
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The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003
Schneider, Friedrich - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2004
Using the DYMIMIC approach, estimates of the shadow economy in 145 developing, transition, developed OECD countries, South Pacific islands and still communist countries are presented. The average size of the shadow economy (in percent of official GDP) over 2002/2003 in developing countries is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822370
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Corruption and the Shadow Economy: An Empirical Analysis
Dreher, Axel; Schneider, Friedrich - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006
This paper analyzes the influence of the shadow economy on corruption and vice versa. We hypothesize that corruption and shadow economy are substitutes in high income countries while they are complements in low income countries. The hypotheses are tested for a crosssection of 120 countries and a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005761625
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MIMIC Models, Cointegration and Error Correction: An Application to the French Shadow Economy
Buehn, Andreas; Schneider, Friedrich - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
The analysis of economic loss attributed to the shadow economy has attracted much attention in recent years by both academics and policy makers. Often, multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) models are applied to time series data estimating the size and development of the shadow economy for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762169
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Defining and Measuring Informality in the Turkish Labor Market
Acar, Elif Öznur; Tansel, Aysit - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
This paper investigates how informality can be defined and measured in the Turkish labor market. Two alternative definitions of informality are used to explore their relevance and implications for the Turkish labor market using descriptive statistics. They are the enterprise definition and the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010886146
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Inequality of Opportunities of Educational Achievement in Turkey over Time
Tansel, Aysit - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2015
This study investigates inequality of opportunity in educational achievements in Turkey over time. For this purpose we … achievement in Turkey. Second, the inequality of opportunity in educational achievement shows a slightly decreasing trend over … time in Turkey. Third, the inequality of opportunity figures based on the mathematics, science and reading achievements …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011268881
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Gender Effects of Education on Economic Development in Turkey
Tansel, Aysit; Güngör, Nil Demet - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
level data for Turkey. The main findings indicate that female education positively and significantly affects the steady …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011279256
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Comparative Essay on Returns to Education in Palestine and Turkey
Tansel, Aysit; Daoud, Yousef - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
This study exposes a comparative treatment of the private returns to education in Palestine and Turkey over the period … different sectors of employment. The results suggest that returns to schooling are higher for Turkey at the various levels of … than 2004 levels for all levels of education; the pattern is less obvious for Turkey across the various levels. However …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009246704
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The Effects of Social Security Taxes and Minimum Wages on Employment: Evidence from Turkey
Papps, Kerry L. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
paid by employers and increases in the minimum wage in Turkey between 2002 and 2005. Variation over time and among low …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009404595