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The Employment of Mothers: Recent Developments and their Determinants in East and West Germany
Hanel, Barbara; Riphahn, Regina T. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
We apply German Mikrozensus data for the period 1996 to 2004 to investigate the employment status of mothers …. Specifically, we ask whether there are behavioral differences between mothers in East and West Germany, whether these differences … substantial differences in the employment behavior of East and West German mothers. German family policy sets incentives …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009283583
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Time to Vote?
Gibson, John; Kim, Bonggeun; Stillman, Steven; … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
Despite the centrality of voting costs to the paradox of voting, little effort has been made to accurately measure these costs outside of a few spatially limited case studies. In this paper, we apply Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools to validated national election survey data from New...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009216754
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It's the Opportunity Cost, Stupid! How Self-Employment Responds to Financial Incentives of Return, Risk and Skew
Berkhout, Peter; Hartog, Joop; van Praag, Mirjam - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
There is no robust empirical support for the effect of financial incentives on the decision to work in self-employment rather than as a wage earner. In the literature, this is seen as a puzzle. We offer a focus on the opportunity cost, i.e. the wages given up as an employee. Information on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009369109
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How Immigration May Affect U.S. Native Entrepreneurship: Theoretical Building Blocks and Preliminary Results
Duleep, Harriet; Jaeger, David A.; Regets, Mark - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
This paper describes the theoretical underpinnings and provides empirical evidence for a model that predicts a positive impact of immigration on entrepreneurial activity. Immigrants, we hypothesize, facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship by being willing and able to invest in new skills. At...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010555771
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GDP and the Value of Family Caretaking: How Much Does Europe Care?
Giannelli, Gianna Claudia; Mangiavacchi, Lucia; … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2010
This study estimates the size and value of unpaid family caretaking activities at a European level. While at a country level several studies are available, a comprehensive evaluation for Europe as a whole was missing so far, mainly due to data limitations. This paper fills this gap using a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008466020
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U.S. Immigration Policy at a Crossroads
Duleep, Harriet - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
Two issues have taken center stage in the recent debates about U.S. immigration policy: one, illegal immigration and more generally the entrance of poorly educated individuals into the U.S. economy and two, whether the U.S. should continue its family-based admissions system or move towards a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010603514
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Time-Bound Opportunity Costs of Informal Care: Consequences for Access to Professional Care, Caregiver Support, and Labour Supply Estimates
Hassink, Wolter; van den Berg, Bernard - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
Patterns of informal care are documented throughout the day with Dutch time use diary data. The diary data enable us to identify a, so far overlooked, source of opportunity costs of informal care, i.e. the necessity to perform particular tasks of informal care at specific moments of the day....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008804902
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Labour Supply and Childcare for British Mothers in Two-Parent Families: A Structural Approach
Parera-Nicolau, Antonia; Mumford, Karen - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005
the importance of childcare related variables. We find working mothers do not increase their working hours when hourly … wages increase, indeed, they are more likely to reduce their hours. The major inducement for working mothers to increase … at increasing working hours amongst British mothers of pre-school children may need to focus on the quality as well as …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822660
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Early Childhood Stimulation Interventions in Developing Countries: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Baker-Henningham, Helen; López Bóo, Florencia - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2010
This report reviews the effectiveness of early childhood stimulation interventions in developing countries. The report aims to answer the questions: What works in terms of early stimulation for young children in developing countries? For whom and under what conditions do these programs work and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008683659
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Das Wachstum der Zukunft ist weiblich
Zimmermann, Klaus F. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
Um den deutschen Arbeitsmarkt demografiefest zu machen, bedarf es einer stärkeren Aktivierung des Potenzials weiblicher Erwerbspersonen bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Geburtenrate. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Handlungsoptionen zur Lösung dieser beiden zentralen Zukunftsaufgaben auf und...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009653978