Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

This paper is one of the first comprehensive attempts to compare earnings in urban China and India over the recent … levels in China and significantly accentuates the reversal of the wage gap in favour of this country for the first half of …

Globalization is not only about the rise of trade, FDI, and migration. It is also about the changing linkages among … these flows. The main findings of the paper can be summarized as follows. First, at least in the nineties, import trade … liberalization fostered not only trade but also inward investment, confirming that trade and FDI toward developing countries have …

In this paper an ex-post measurable definition of globalization has been used, namely increasing trade openness and FDI … employment creation nor the decrease in within-country inequality are automatically assured by increasing trade and FDI. The …, giving raise to concentration and marginalisation phenomena; 2) increasing trade and FDI do not emerge as the main culprits …

This paper examines the interactive effect of distance and trade on international conflict and cooperation. The effect … of geographic distance depends on trade, while the effect of trade varies with geographic distance. Trade reduces …

migrants and natives under both migration and trade. We use a general equilibrium model of migration, human capital and social … natives. Trade and both migration solutions reduce inequality between the populations of the two countries by the same amount …. In addition, trade and migration are not equivalent if social capital is present: the highest welfare is obtained with …

This paper examines the relationship between financial development, CO2 emissions, trade and economic growth using … is evidence of bidirectional causality between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Economic growth and trade openness are … interrelated i.e. bidirectional causality. Feedback hypothesis is validated between trade openness and financial development …

Two large but separate bodies of literature analyze the economic effects of international trade and immigration. Given … that several factors are important determinants of both trade and migration flows, the previous studies are vulnerable to a … potentially serious omitted-variables bias, questioning the validity of existing estimates of the effects of trade and immigration …