the link between production-related subsidies and exports. We document that only a small fraction of enterprises is … subsidized, and that exports and subsidies are positively related. Using a matching approach to investigate the causal effect of … an impact of subsidies on the share of exports in total sales in West Germany but no evidence in East Germany. …

the government incentive to impact on entry costs, and how entry subsidies can be used strategically in open economies. We … the monopoly pricing distortion. In the autarky equilibrium these subsidies trigger entry, but they eventually do not lead … to more but to better firms in the market. In the open economy there is another, strategic motive for entry subsidies as …

evidence on the link of productivity and both exports and foreign direct investment (fdi) in services firms from a highly …

productivity, wages and exports spillovers in developing, developed and transitional economies. Although theory can identify a …

This paper documents the relationship between firm survival and three types of international trade activities - exports …, imports and two-way trade. It uses unique new representative data for manufacturing enterprises from Germany, one of the … imports and two-way trading for firm survival in a highly developed country. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis …

distribution of immigration elasticities of imports and exports across 48 studies that yielded 300 observations. The results show … on trade. The migrant elasticity of imports is larger than that of exports in about half the countries considered, but … the publication bias and heterogeneity-corrected elasticity is slightly larger for exports than for imports. …

document the first empirical results on the relationship between imports and productivity for Germany, a leading actor on the … imports ('learning-by-importing'). We find a positive link between importing and productivity. From an empirical model with … productive enterprises into imports, but no evidence for positive effects of importing on productivity due to learning-by-importing. …

activities – exports, imports and two-way trade. It uses unique new representative data for manufacturing enterprises from …