ante players’ abilities. It is found that a larger prize spread encourages women to increase effort, even when controlling … games and underdogs to be less performing. They also show that the performance differential between players increases with …

, broadly defined (e.g., attitudes toward science and technology, new versus old ideas, change, risk taking, personal agency …

scientific occupations. Using a survey of recent British graduates from Higher Education we report that fewer than 50% of science … graduates work in a scientific occupation three years after graduation. The wage premium observed for science graduates stems … from occupational choice rather than a science degree. Accounting for selection into subject and occupation, the returns to …

Science rests upon the reliability of peer review. This paper suggests a way to test for bias. It is able to avoid the …

well spent. Is there an objective way to assess the quality of a nation's world-leading science? I attempt to suggest a …

sudden increase in labour force participation and unemployment during this period. However, since these individuals would …

-plan availability to estimate the determinants of participation in a standard selection on unobservables model. We find that currently …

levels and see their participation and employment probability as adults enhanced. We show that the estimated genuine impact … of attaining an academic qualification on participation and employment is always statistically significant, in particular … for women, although IV coefficients are usually below OLS estimates. …

relate the results to the relevant level of female labor force participation. …