traditional debate about nature versus nurture is scientifically obsolete. Human capital investment exhibits both self … cycle (self-productivity). Early investment facilitates the productivity of later investment (complementarity). Early … complementarity explains why there is no equity-efficiency trade-off for early investment. The returns to investing early in the life …

. The determinants examined within a Tobit model framework include total household expenditure, education levels of parents … and other household characteristics. Such analysis of the household behavior of attempting to provide better education to … their children will highlight the determinants of the demand for education and the intergenerational transfers in Turkey. …

to remedy. We also show that cognitive ability is not the only determinant of education, labor market outcomes and … investment will exacerbate the gaps it is intended to close. For the same reason, public job training is not likely to help adult …

The purpose of this paper is to provide an update of the empirical evidence on the private returns to education in … Italy. First, we show that, whilst returns to education in Italy (based on gross wages) are in line with the European … marginal return to the marginal cost of education - we speculate that either marginal costs are steeper in Italy or that a …

education, determinants of the demand for services of the PTCs, cost of PTCs and evidence on the effectiveness of PTCs. …

project in a poor urban district, we find that, by six years after building occupancy, $10,000 of per-student investment in …

structure, income and parents’ education. The empirical analysis indicates that the quality of schools is one of the driving …The 1993 Survey of Household Income and Wealth, a representative survey of the Italian population covering 24 …