increased urban poverty. Using a large repeated cross-section household survey data from 1986 to 2000, this study maps out the … change in income, inequality, and poverty over the 15 year period and investigates the determinants of poverty. It is found … that the increase in the poverty rate in the 1990s is associated with the increase in the relative food price, and the need …

poverty. The choices that must be made are clarified, and a set of six principles to serve as a guide for public policy are … stated. The second objective is to take stock of child poverty and changes in child poverty in the majority of OECD countries … formulate a number of suggestions for the setting of credible targets for the elimination of child poverty in the rich countries …

This paper analyzes the determinants of rural poverty in India, contrasting the situation of the Scheduled Caste (SC …) and Schedule Tribe (ST) households with the non-scheduled population. The incidence of poverty among SC and ST households … in the poverty rates between the scheduled castes (or tribes) and non-scheduled households into a part explained by the …

Poverty among ethnic minorities and the majority in rural China for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 is investigated … line, almost one-third of the ethnic minorities experienced poverty during the three years studied while the corresponding … ethnic majority. The relatively high poverty rates for ethnic minorities in rural China are found to be due to higher rates …

poverty level, and the health of the population including total health expenditures and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The …

and absolute poverty alleviation, although some important counter-examples emerge. …

Despite increasing average real family incomes in Costa Rica in the late 1990s and early 2000s, poverty rates did not … fall. In this paper, we argue that during this period economic growth in Costa Rica did not translate into reduced poverty …-employed workers. These labor market phenomena, in turn, contributed to low incomes for households vulnerable to poverty, especially …

persistence of transitory shocks and their implications for the persistence of poverty and income inequality. The results suggest … poor individuals stayed in poverty for two years on average. In East Germany, the contribution of the permanent component … to overall income inequality increased from 20 percent in 1990 to over 70 percent in 1998 and the persistence of poverty …

Subjective Poverty Line methodology is applied to rural China 2002 using a sample from 22 provinces. Respondents were … lives. The findings provide an argument for increasing the official poverty line for China as average household income … increases. Poverty in rural China is disproportionally concentrated to the western regions and to poor counties. Most of rural …

inequality or stagnating poverty in Costa Rica. …