Although it has long been conjectured that having physicians in leadership positions is valuable for hospital … executive officers of these hospitals are then traced by hand. The CEOs are classified into physicians and non …

physicians have lower participation rates than male physicians plus they are subject to higher occupational mismatch, and (ii …) moonlighting is more frequent among male physicians. In this paper we investigate whether such differences are related to the … university graduates, Spanish physicians are the ones most often coupled to partners with the same educational level and/or same …