due to the burning of bituminous coal for heat. We estimate the effects of this bituminous coal consumption on mortality … rates in the U.S. during the mid-20th century. Coal consumption varied considerably during the 20th century due to coal … of confounding factors, we use a triple-differences identification strategy that relies on variation in coal consumption …

scant attention is that immigrants, as consumers of the goods they help produce, contribute to their own demand. We examine … the effects of an immigration shock on labor demand by testing a general equilibrium model in which imperfectly … substitution of immigrants for natives; (ii) out-migration; and (iii) stimulation of labor demand. According to (iii), native wages …

. Polarization of employment demand is the more credible explanation for the more recent evolution. As in other developed economies …

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

Over the course of China's economic reforms, a pronounced divergence in the labor force participation patterns of rural …