and by economic indicator. We find that single-purpose governments per square mile have a positive impact on metropolitan …. Our results suggest that local government decentralization matters differently for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan …

in a simple model that the perceived degree of past differentiation affects future incentives. We then study the impact … of differentiation empirically with a large panel data set spanning many firms in one industry. On average, stronger … differentiation has a substantial positive effect on performance. This effect is larger on higher hierarchical levels. But …

If policy-makers care about well-being, they need a recursive model of how adult life-satisfaction is predicted by … childhood influences, acting both directly and (indirectly) through adult circumstances. We estimate such a model using the …