(agriculture). Our focus is mainly on the costs associated with congestion and pollution as well the impact of under-priced energy … indicative estimates of the external costs of energy subsidies, as manifested in congestion and pollution. Our estimates using …

and wages move in the same direction under neo-classical assumptions, agglomeration economies in production, congestion in … congestion in production or the agglomeration in consumption models. The micro-economics of such consumption … thus suggest that consumption-oriented agglomeration and congestion should receive more attention in the future. …