There exists a strong educational gradient in cancer risk, which has been documented in a wide range of populations …. Yet relatively little is known about the extent to which education is causally linked to cancer incidence and mortality … reform on various cancer outcomes. Our main finding is that education has little if any impact on cancer risk. This holds for …

first year of life appears to significantly increase all-cause mortality risks and cancer mortality risks of older males and … for cause-specific mortality. Our analyses show that cardiovascular and cancer mortality risks are related and that not …

the cancer-specific mortality rate. From variation within and between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs born under …