Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). We contribute to addressing this gap by exploring the patterns of … de-industrialization (Brazil, Russia and South Africa). China is the only country where an expanding manufacturing sector … China and the other BRICS. These differences are down to differences in industrial policy: in China industrial policy …

This paper highlights the employment patterns of China’s over-45 population and, for perspective, places them in the … context of work and retirement patterns in Indonesia, Korea, the United States, and the United Kingdom. As is common in many … developing countries, China can be characterized as having two retirement systems: a formal system, under which urban employees …

Contrary to the experiences of other countries, perceptions of job insecurity in Russia were not correlated with the … wage distribution faced by workers. We test this hypothesis using data from ten panel rounds of Russia Longitudinal …

Earnings inequality and earnings determination in urban China 2002 and Russia 2003 are compared using samples covering … and is found to be similar across countries. As at the end of the 1980s, the gender wage gap is larger in Russia where … earnings reach a maximum at a lower age than in China. The association between education and income in China has increased to …

a number of Central and Eastern European countries, Russia, and China. We use metadata from 33 studies of 10 transition …

-equalising income source in China than in Russia. While Russian public transfers reduce income inequality, Chinese public transfers … residents in China and in urban Russia to be very similar. …Harmonised microdata show a Gini coefficient for per capita total income of 45.3 percent in China 2002 and 33.6 percent …

This paper is one of the first comprehensive attempts to compare earnings in urban China and India over the recent … levels in China and significantly accentuates the reversal of the wage gap in favour of this country for the first half of …

This study investigates inequality of opportunity in educational achievements in Turkey over time. For this purpose we … achievement in Turkey. Second, the inequality of opportunity in educational achievement shows a slightly decreasing trend over … time in Turkey. Third, the inequality of opportunity figures based on the mathematics, science and reading achievements …

level data for Turkey. The main findings indicate that female education positively and significantly affects the steady …