the optimal policy can increase the volatility of unemployment significantly. Public sector wage and employment shocks … have mixed effects on unemployment. A wage shock raises the unemployment rate, while a reduction in the separations lowers … it. Hiring more people can increase or decrease the unemployment rate. All shocks raise the wage and crowd out employment …

. Controlling for demand-side and supply-side determinants of unemployment, we show that the PTB plays a significant role in … explaining unemployment in the continental European countries, but not in the Nordic nor the Anglo- Saxon ones. We also show that … there is no relationship between the incidence of the PTB and unemployment persistence, even though there is a positive one …

We develop a growth model with unemployment due to imperfections in the labor market. In this model, wage inertia and …

cyclical job loss and unemployment fell disproportionately on young and unskilled workers. The paper identifies, by age, gender …

average re-employment probabilities. Living in an area with high local unemployment reduces re-employment chances as does … somewhat if a worker is unemployed in an area with high overall unemployment. …