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Equality of Opportunity and the Distribution of Long-Run Income in Sweden
Björklund, Anders; Jäntti, Markus; Roemer, John E. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
Equality of opportunity is an ethical goal with almost universal appeal. The interpretation taken here is that a society has achieved equality of opportunity if it is the case that what individuals accomplish, with respect to some desirable objective, is determined wholly by their choices and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008836680
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Entrepreneurship, Wealth, Liquidity Constraints and Start-up Costs
Fonseca, Raquel; Michaud, Pierre-Carl; Sopraseuth, Thepthida - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007
We study the effects of liquidity constraints and start-up costs on the relationship between wealth and the fraction of … entrepreneurs in an economy. We develop a dynamic occupational choice model with endogenous wealth and entry into entrepreneurship … function of individual wealth while the introduction of start-up costs tends to flatten this relationship. The theoretical …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005763661
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What More Than Parental Income? An Exploration of What Swedish Siblings Get from Their Parents
Björklund, Anders; Lindahl, Lena; Lindquist, Matthew J. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
Sibling correlations are used as overall measures of the impact of family background and community influences on individual outcomes. While most correlation studies show that siblings are quite similar in terms of future achievement, we lack specific knowledge of what it is about family...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005761927
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Family Background, Self-Confidence and Economic Outcomes
Filippin, Antonio; Paccagnella, Marco - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
In this paper we analyze the role played by self-confidence, modeled as beliefs about one's ability, in shaping task choices. We propose a model in which fully rational agents exploit all the available information to update their beliefs using Bayes' rule, eventually learning their true type. We...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009371913
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Intergenerational Persistence in Educational Attainment in Italy
Checchi, Daniele; Fiorio, Carlo V.; Leonardi, Marco - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
In this paper we show that there is a reduction in the correlation coefficient between father and children schooling levels over time in Italy. However, focusing on equality of circumstances, we show that there is still a persistent difference in the odds of attaining a college degree between...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822532
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Family Background and Income during the Rise of the Welfare State: Brother Correlations in Income for Swedish Men Born 1932-1968
bjorklund, anders; Lindquist, Matthew J.; Jäntti, Markus - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007
The goal of this study is to examine trends in the importance of family background in determining adult income in Sweden. We investigate whether the association between family background and income in Sweden has changed for cohorts born 1932-1968. Our main finding is that the share of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005763494
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Education Policy and Equality of Opportunity
Schütz, Gabriela; Ursprung, Heinrich W.; Woessmann, Ludger - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005
We provide a measure of equality of educational opportunity in 54 countries, estimated as the effect of family background on student performance in two international TIMSS tests. We then show how organizational features of the education system affect equality of educational opportunity. Our...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005700942
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What If You Had Been Less Fortunate: The Effects of Poor Family Background on Current Labor Market Outcomes
Cho, Sungwook; Heshmati, Almas - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
This study examines the correlation between childhood poverty and its influence on adulthood wage distribution, where childhood poverty refers to experience of poverty or poor family background during one's childhood. With the data from Korean Labor Income Panel Study, KLIPS, quantile regression...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010764621
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How Equal Are Educational Opportunities? Family Background and Student Achievement in Europe and the United States
Woessmann, Ludger - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2004
This paper estimates the effects of family-background characteristics on student performance in the US and 17 Western European school systems. Family background has strong effects both in Europe and the United States, remarkably similar in size. France and Flemish Belgium achieve the most...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005566461
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Interpreting Trends in Intergenerational Income Mobility
Nybom, Martin; Stuhler, Jan - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
We examine how intergenerational income mobility responds to structural changes in a simple theoretical model of intergenerational transmission, deviating from the existing literature by explicitly analyzing the transition path between steady states. We find that mobility depends not only on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959835