distance (while controlling for country size). Since geography may affect income through other channels, we also control for … income. We also show that the effect of migration operates through an increase in total factor productivity, which appears to …

It is now stylized that, while the impact of ownership on firm productivity is unclear, product market competition can … be expected to have a positive impact on productivity, thereby making entry (or contestability of markets) desirable … factors governing entry rates, especially in the context of developing countries. Using 3-digit industry level data from India …

There is a well-known debate about the roles of geography versus institutions in explaining the long-term development … Robinson (2001) was to address this last point by using settler mortality as an instrument for geography-induced endogenous … mechanisms from geography via institutions to economic development outcomes. In particular, we examine the determinants of …

measures of geography within Europe, we show that i) geography explains both genetic distance and transportation costs between … European countries, and ii) genetic distance does not explain economic outcomes once we control for geography. We conclude that …

total factor productivity of the receiving economy. We assemble panel data on immigration flows, output, employment and … trade and immigration flows are based on geography and the demographic trends of each country’s trade and migration partners …

and establishes empirically, that geographical variations in natural land productivity and their impact on the return to …