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Is Unemployment Structural or Cyclical? Main Features of Job Matching in the EU after the Crisis
Arpaia, Alfonso; Kiss, Aron; Turrini, Alessandro - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
The paper sheds light on developments in labour market matching in the EU after the crisis. First, it analyses the main features of the Beveridge curve and frictional unemployment in EU countries, with a view to isolate temporary changes in the vacancy-unemployment relationship from structural...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959856
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Ethnic Competition and Specialization
Kahanec, Martin - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2007
Are ethnic specialization and thus a downward sloping labor demand curve fundamental features of labor market competition between ethnic groups? In a general equilibrium model, this paper argues that spillover effects in skill acquisition and social distances between ethnic groups engender...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005233838
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The Substitutability of Labor of Selected Ethnic Groups in the US Labor Market
Kahanec, Martin - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2006
This paper investigates the substitutability of labor of selected ethnic groups in the US labor market. In the generalized Leontief framework, the analysis of US census-based data reveals that labor of non-White ethnic groups is complementary to that of White ethnic group. This finding supports...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005822462
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Estimating Workforce Disposal in the Italian Labour Market
Contini, Bruno; Grand, Elisa - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2014
workforce common to all EU member countries: flows from regular employment to non-employment are very often dead-ends. A vast …-term unemployed or leave the workforce altogether, never to regain regular employment even after as long as twenty years. Many join … the ranks of the irregular economy, many drop out of the labour force. "Workforce disposal" refers to the process …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010884397
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The Impact of Family Income on Child Achievement: Evidence from the Earned Income Tax Credit
Dahl, Gordon B.; Lochner, Lance John - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2012
Past estimates of the effect of family income on child development have often been plagued by endogeneity and measurement error. In this paper, we use an instrumental variables strategy to estimate the causal effect of income on children's math and reading achievement. Our identification derives...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010959566
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The Measurement of Educational Inequality: Achievement and Opportunity
Ferreira, Francisco H.G.; Gignoux, Jérémie - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
This paper proposes two related measures of educational inequality: one for educational achievement and another for educational opportunity. The former is the simple variance (or standard deviation) of test scores. Its selection is informed by consideration of two measurement issues that have...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009369107
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Which School Systems Sort Weaker Students into Smaller Classes? International Evidence
West, Martin R.; Woessmann, Ludger - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2003
We examine whether the sorting of differently achieving students into differently sized classes results in a regressive or compensatory pattern of class sizes for a sample of national school systems. Sorting effects are identified by subtracting the causal effect of class size on performance...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005761835
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Cross-National Surveys of Learning Achievement: How Robust are the Findings?
Brown, Giorgina; Micklewright, John; Schnepf, Sylke V.; … - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2005
International surveys of learning achievement and functional literacy are increasingly common. We consider two aspects of the robustness of their results. First, we compare results from four surveys: TIMSS, PISA, PIRLS and IALS. This contrasts with the standard approach which is to analyse a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762290
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Does School Privatization Improve Educational Achievement? Evidence from Sweden's Voucher Reform
Böhlmark, Anders; Lindahl, Mikael - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
This paper evaluates general achievement effects of choice and competition between private and public schools at the nine-year school level by assessing a radical voucher reform that was implemented in Sweden in 1992. Starting from a situation where the public schools essentially were...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005762417
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Educational Achievement and the Allocation of School Resources
Cobb-Clark, Deborah A.; Jha, Nikhil - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2013
The school resources – educational outcomes debate has focused almost exclusively on spending levels. We extend this by analysing the relationship between student achievement and schools' budget allocation decisions using panel data. Per-pupil expenditure has only a modest relationship with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010687593