constitutions reduce poverty? Second, does the strength of constitutional language of the economic and social rights matter … important results. First, we do not find an association between constitutional rights generally framed and poverty. Second, we … do not find an association between economic and social rights framed as directive principles and poverty. Third, we do …

absolute economic misery in the world. In this paper, I focus on an important but relatively underemphasized approach to … poverty reduction: helping the poor earn more in the labour market for the work they do, so that they can buy the goods and … services they need to move up out of poverty. …

poverty. The choices that must be made are clarified, and a set of six principles to serve as a guide for public policy are … stated. The second objective is to take stock of child poverty and changes in child poverty in the majority of OECD countries … formulate a number of suggestions for the setting of credible targets for the elimination of child poverty in the rich countries …

This paper analyzes the determinants of rural poverty in India, contrasting the situation of the Scheduled Caste (SC …) and Schedule Tribe (ST) households with the non-scheduled population. The incidence of poverty among SC and ST households … in the poverty rates between the scheduled castes (or tribes) and non-scheduled households into a part explained by the …

Poverty among ethnic minorities and the majority in rural China for the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 is investigated … line, almost one-third of the ethnic minorities experienced poverty during the three years studied while the corresponding … ethnic majority. The relatively high poverty rates for ethnic minorities in rural China are found to be due to higher rates …

Despite increasing average real family incomes in Costa Rica in the late 1990s and early 2000s, poverty rates did not … fall. In this paper, we argue that during this period economic growth in Costa Rica did not translate into reduced poverty …-employed workers. These labor market phenomena, in turn, contributed to low incomes for households vulnerable to poverty, especially …

persistence of transitory shocks and their implications for the persistence of poverty and income inequality. The results suggest … poor individuals stayed in poverty for two years on average. In East Germany, the contribution of the permanent component … to overall income inequality increased from 20 percent in 1990 to over 70 percent in 1998 and the persistence of poverty …

Subjective Poverty Line methodology is applied to rural China 2002 using a sample from 22 provinces. Respondents were … lives. The findings provide an argument for increasing the official poverty line for China as average household income … increases. Poverty in rural China is disproportionally concentrated to the western regions and to poor counties. Most of rural …

At the European level and in most EU member states, higher employment levels are seen as key to better poverty outcomes … rising employment on relative income poverty. This method has serious limitations. We propose a more sophisticated simulation … impact on relative income poverty of moving towards the Europe 2020 target of 75 percent of the working aged population in …

strong decline in child poverty and poverty amongst single parent households. In the latter group, a third of the headcount … poverty reduction (and half of the reduction in the depth of poverty) is on account of the very large incentive effect of …