distribution of immigration elasticities of imports and exports across 48 studies that yielded 300 observations. The results show … on trade. The migrant elasticity of imports is larger than that of exports in about half the countries considered, but … the publication bias and heterogeneity-corrected elasticity is slightly larger for exports than for imports. …

, imports and two-way trade. It uses unique new representative data for manufacturing enterprises from Germany, one of the … imports and two-way trading for firm survival in a highly developed country. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis … between firm survival on the one hand and imports and two-way trading on the other hand, while exporting alone does not play a …

document the first empirical results on the relationship between imports and productivity for Germany, a leading actor on the … imports ('learning-by-importing'). We find a positive link between importing and productivity. From an empirical model with … productive enterprises into imports, but no evidence for positive effects of importing on productivity due to learning-by-importing. …

activities – exports, imports and two-way trade. It uses unique new representative data for manufacturing enterprises from …

. Polarization of employment demand is the more credible explanation for the more recent evolution. As in other developed economies …