This paper discusses allocation of burden of proof in environmental disputes in the WTO system. Besides laying down the … natural principles that (i) the complainant carries the burden to (ii) make a prima facie case that its claim holds, WTO …

The basic legal instrument in the WTO Agreement regulating domestic environmental policies is the GATT National … environment, in a situation where imports may cause environmental damage. The paper finds that there may be a tension between NT … and environmental concerns, but that this is not likely to arise in the context of severe threats to the environment. In …

The Dispute Settlement (DS) system is a central feature of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement. This … compulsory and binding two-level mechanism for the adjudication of disputes between WTO Members is the most active among … WTO Dispute Settlement Data Set. The data set covers all 426 WTO disputes initiated through the official filing of a …

agreement and how this depends on the fundamentals of the contracting environment. We argue that taking contracting costs …

The purpose of this paper is to report some initial findings based on the WTO Dispute Settlement Data Set (Ver. 2 … of the Dispute Settlement (DS) system. It covers all 351 WTO disputes initiated through the official filing of a Request …

complainants, and/or over-represented as respondents in the WTO dispute settlement system. Most of this literature has focused on … claims made in each WTO dispute between 1995 and 2006, as well as a rough classification as to whether each specific claim …

It has been alleged since its inception that the WTO Dispute Settlement (DS) mechanism is biased against developing …