use a dynamic model to measure the impact of large entrants on productivity, allowing for a controlled productivity …, we find that incumbents' productivity increase after large entry and that the magnitude of the increase declines with the … productivity of incumbents. Our findings highlight that large entrants play a crucial role in driving productivity growth. …

This paper investigates the determinants of the productivity of independent retail stores in Sweden by focusing on the … located in central and non-central markets respectively. The results show an approximately 10 percent higher productivity … markets. The findings also show that employee characteristics do not contribute to the productivity of stores in central …

performed, wages should in principle reflect productivity differences and that it is more difficult to discriminate on the basis … of the gap is due to productivity differences. <p> The main finding is that the productivity differences between sexes in … or less independent of supposed productivity differences between men and women, while under piece-rate work. The wage gap …