likelihood of patent renewal. Since the owners know more about the patents than potential external financiers, there is a problem …

patents; however, most patent databases contain no information on whether patents have been commercialized, i.e., whether … innovations have been introduced in the market. This paper applies a new method to identify innovations in patent databases by … relating traditional patent quality indicators (patent renewal, patent equivalents and forward citations) to patent …

commercialization of inventions. If the patent holder commercializes his invention, he has stronger incentives to retain the patent. The …, I take into account defensive patent strategies (e.g. deterring competitors from utilizing the patent) and pointedly ask … if there are any third factors (quality of the patent) that affect the commercialization and renewal decisions. Using a …

. For external financing of patent projects and small technology-based firms, Sweden has during long time relied on … government support rather than private venture capital firms. The empirical results show that the larger share of the patent … reasons to the bad performance are: 1) the design of the government loans, where the patent owner can escape from paying back …