living conditions in northern Spain during late industrialization in the interwar period. We concentrate on the Basque region …Did the late industrialization in Europe’s periphery improve life for its urban class? This paper examines family … industrialization increased real wages and overall standards of living. We contrast this empirically by examining the effects of income …

correlation over time, but that the early industrialization process co-evolved with a dramatic redistribution of productive …

productivity across regions. In the Spanish case, the initial expansion of industrialization during the period 1860-1900, in a …

Trade policy, and its effects oftariffs on structural change and industrialization, is arguably the 1110st contentious … industrialization, or of any consisted strategy at aH. So we argue that the actual lay-out of Italian duties was the somewhat haphazard …

differentials. The initial expansion of industrialization, in a context of growing economic integration of regions, promoted the …

during the eighteenth century. A comparison with other tithe series from the interior of Spain reveals similarities like the …

This paper looks at the causes of rural conflict in 1930s Spain. Rather than stressing bottom-up forces of mobilisation … labourers. I do so by looking at the effects of intervention on rural labour markets in dry-farming areas of Spain (parts of … Spain. Secondly, because my argument implies the existence of severe restrictions to the labour supply of rural labourers …

-market allocation of resources and allowed Spain to accelerate growth and catch up with Western Europe. Without the 1950s reforms and …