living conditions in northern Spain during late industrialization in the interwar period. We concentrate on the Basque region …

This paper investigates when did retardation begin in Spain and examines the evidence on economic performance over … in urbanization as a measure of economic activity outside agriculture and construct new measures of agricultural and … identification between Castile and Spain. We also provide new output estimates for six Western European countries that allow placing …

during the eighteenth century. A comparison with other tithe series from the interior of Spain reveals similarities like the …

This paper looks at the causes of rural conflict in 1930s Spain. Rather than stressing bottom-up forces of mobilisation … labourers. I do so by looking at the effects of intervention on rural labour markets in dry-farming areas of Spain (parts of … Spain. Secondly, because my argument implies the existence of severe restrictions to the labour supply of rural labourers …

-market allocation of resources and allowed Spain to accelerate growth and catch up with Western Europe. Without the 1950s reforms and …

this paper for the particular case of Spain, a fast growing country in the second half of the twentieth century. It is …

During the decades previous to the Civil War, Spain experienced a rapid process of urbanization, which was accompanied …

the century and tries to determine Spain's optimal site as coal found substitutes all throughout the twentieth century …. The contrast of the correct location of Spain's main production center is relevant, because a wrong location could have … been introducing the inefficiencies and redundant costs which may have made Spain lose its competitivity on international …

changes in living standards to explain collective action and social conflict in Spain before the Civil War are incomplete …