Latin America has a comparative advantage in deforestation compared to other forms of climate change mitigation. Thus, to the extent that Latin America should engage in mitigation, the optimal climate change policy should manage these advantages by generating incentives in Latin America to deal...

This paper contributes to an agenda that views the effects of policies and institutional reforms as dependent on the structure of political incentives for national and subnational political actors. The paper studies political incentive structures at the subnational level and the mechanisms...

Los impuestos a la nómina junto con los salarios mínimos han producido un notable encarecimiento de los costos laborales en América Latina desde los noventa. Puesto que, simultáneamente, las tasas de tributación de las empresas se han reducido, esta nota analiza si, como resultado, hay un...

The approval of Decisions 599 and 600 on the Harmonization of Substantial and Procedural Aspects of Value Added Taxes and the Harmonization of Excise Type Taxes (VAT and selective taxes) by the Commission of the Andean Community is a notable victory for the Andean integration process and sets a...

La aprobación de las Decisiones números 599 y 600 sobre Armonización de Aspectos Sustanciales y Procedimientos de los Impuestos Tipo Valor Agregado y la Armonización de los Impuestos Tipo Selectivo al Consumo (IVA e impuestos selectivos) por la Comisión de la Comunidad Andina constituye un...

There is an increasing need for a system of international lending of last resort (ILLR) to provide a safety net in the event of financial crises in vulnerable countries as financial globalization deepens and spreads. Multilateral progress to address liquidity and solvency crises has been patchy...

The paper reviews the case for a strong multilateral response to the global crisis in emerging markets (EMs). It discusses modalities and feasibility of intervention and its associated risks, depending on country circumstances of fiscal space and liquidity needs. The specific role of...