commodities (agricultural or mineral products) while rich countries exported manufactured products. In Trade and Poverty, leading … trade, commodity specialization, and poverty. The world rapidly became global between the early nineteenth century and World … War I, and the global trade boom occurred simultaneously with rising economic divergence between industrial and …

This research paper is aimed at understanding why border trade policies are today complemented with behind …

of trade. By increasing the cost of external finance, a financial shock increases the financial cost of exporting and …

, primarily because of the lack of explanatory models. In Geography and Trade he provides a stimulating synthesis of ideas in the …

distribution, eased restrictions on international trade, and reduced its own presence in grain markets. The foundation for these …