Rural non-farm development plays a key role in generating employment in many developing countries. Clustering is an …

India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) is one of the largest public works programs globally …-term poverty and welfare effects of NREGS. Triple difference estimates suggest that participants significantly increase consumption …

/year-specific correlated shocks, show that (1) the relative size of the migrant population in the market decreases employment probabilities of … new migrants (negative substitution effect), (2) the employment probability of previous migrants increases those of new … migrants (positive externalities), and (3) when the employment probability of previous migrants approaches to unity, the size …

households. This paper explores differences in income, expenditure, and consumption patterns in an effort to answer this question …