State-owned financial institutions fall into three main groups: commercial banks, hybrid banks, and development institutions. The larger state-owned commercial banks/ groups include Sberbank, the VTB Bank group, and Gazprombank. Like private commercial banks, these institutions do not have a...

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country

This Technical Assistance report on Chile constitute technical advice provided by the staff of the IMF to the Banco Central de Chile (BCCh) in response to their request for technical assistance. The BCCh is considering broadening access to its services beyond commercial banks and some Financial...

Decentralized finance (DeFi) is a form of finance without central financial intermediaries. This handbook explores the interplay of behavioral finance and public policy in the emerging field of decentralized finance. The workexplaines the underlying mechanisms in a nutshell from a social...

Rapid advances in financial technology are transforming the economic and financial landscape, offering wide-ranging opportunities while raising potential risks. Fintech can support potential growth and poverty reduction by strengthening financial development, inclusion, and efficiency-but it may...

"Banking is necessary, banks are not." Diese vielzitierte Aussage von Bill Gates aus dem Jahre 1994 lässt sich nicht nur allgemein mit Blick auf die Veränderungen des Bankwesens seit der Finanzkrise 2007/2008 heranziehen, sondern insbesondere angesichts seiner Umbrüche aufgrund sogenannter...

This study examines the determinants of entry into by foreign firms, using information on 515 Chinese industries at the provincial level during 1998-2001. The analysis, rooted in the new economic geography, focuses on market and supplier access within and outside the province of entry, as well...

Businesses which seek the location that offers the highest profitability are likely to consider tax incentives and the level of government services available. However, once a business commits itself to a locality, high moving costs render it vulnerable to future tax increases or denial of...