Anecdotal evidence relates corruption with high levels of military spending. This paper tests empirically whether such … the period 1985–98. The association between military spending and corruption is ascertained by using panel regression … techniques. The results suggest that corruption is indeed associated with higher military spending as a share of both GDP and …

This paper develops and tests two efficiency wage models of corruption in the civil service. Under fair wage models …, civil service wages are an important determinant of corruption. Under shirking models, the level of wages is of secondary … importance, as potential bribes dwarf wage income. The empirical evidence points to a negative relationship between corruption …

We examine the effects of oil rents on corruption and state stability exploiting the exogenous within-country variation … increase in oil rents significantly increases corruption, significantly deteriorates political rights while at the same time … redistribution and conflict. We support our argument documenting that there is a significant effect of oil rents on corruption in …