-sector employment and have helped raise standards of living. However, the growth model has involved costs: the public-sector wage bill … is relatively high, there is limited employment of nationals in the private sector, labor productivity has declined or …

This paper discusses tax and expenditure policy reforms to raise employment. Using data for 58 advanced and emerging …. The focus is on incentives to increase labor demand and supply rather than on the impact of fiscal policy on employment … principles which should guide the design of country-specific fiscal reforms to boost employment. A comprehensive set of tables on …

U.S. investment and saving. The paper highlights that the effect of the 1990–92 recession on employment was considerably … less severe than the effect of the 1981–82 recession. During the 1990–92 recession, employment fell by 11⁄2 percent …

the most commonly used indicators of resource utilization in the United States are the output gap, the employment gap, and …