indicators, the contributors have delved into the ways that global volatility, especially since 2008, has affected Indonesia and …

-looking monetary policy decisions. The bias is higher for countries whose monetary policy was more independent of Germany …

This 2002 Article IV Consultation highlights that Germany’s economy is poised for a fragile recovery, after having …

economic environment and policies. Declining labor shares, wage moderation, and employment performance in Germany and the …

This Selected Background Issues paper examines the process of international financial integration in Germany, focusing … on both banking and securities markets. The examination is useful both because of the size and importance of Germany …

This Selected Issues paper analyzes labor market asymmetries and macroeconomic adjustment in Germany. Empirical work … reported shows that in Germany, negative demand shocks increase the unemployment rate by more than the decrease in the …

Germany’s economic growth and recovery from the global crisis are explained in this study. Tax, education, and … innovation policies are specific measures supported by the authorities. External and financial shocks received by Germany and … other outward spillovers are outlined. Germany has a high current account and international assets. From a long …

considerable headwinds. Several conditions are now in place in Germany for a domestic demand-led recovery. Employment creation has … been robust and unemployment at 5.3 percent is at a postreunification low. Executive Directors have commended Germany … environment. Directors have underscored Germany’s pivotal role in reducing euro area and global imbalances …