Forward-looking behavior on the part of the monetary authority leads least squares estimates to understate the true growth consequences of monetary policy interventions. We present instrumental variables estimates of the impact of interest rates on real output growth for several European...

The sharp increase in fiscal deficits and public debt in most advanced and several developing economies has raised concerns about the sustainability of public finances and highlighted the need for a significant adjustment over the medium term. This paper assesses the usefulness of fiscal rules...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Tenth Issue of the IMF. This volume, the Tenth Issue of Selected Decisions of the IMF and Selected Documents, contains the decisions, interpretations, and resolutions of the Executive Board and the Board of Governors of the IMF to...

This paper explains various selected decisions of the IMF's Executive Directors. The IMF has examined certain problems relating to the adjustment of its holdings of fluctuating currencies and to transactions and computations involving such currencies and has come to several conclusions. The IMF...

This paper presents Selected Decisions and Selected Documents' Third Issue of the IMF. Dealings in paper money and coins are deemed to be 'other exchange transactions' within the meaning of Article IV, Section 3, whether or not the importation and exportation of such money and coins to and from...

This paper analyses several IMF's selected decisions of the Executive Board and selected documents. Each member shall furnish to the IMF the data necessary to determine its net official holdings of gold and United States dollars. The usability of gold or dollars for the payment of the gold...