The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and...

Dieser Bericht begleitet die für die einzelnen Republiken vom IMF erstellten Wirtschaftsberichte. Zwei Hauptbereiche werden behandelt: Zuerst eine Übersicht über die Reformen und gemeinsame Politikinhalte, vor denen die einzelnen Republiken nun stehen und zweitens eine Diskussion über die...

Despite their increasing fiscal burden, the public pension systems of BRO countries are failing to provide adequate social protection. Although there is a broad consensus about the need for pension reforms, BRO countries are debating whether to embark on systemic reforms or whether to correct...

The output contractions during the initial transition stages in the Baltics and in Russia and the other CIS countries are examined across several dimensions, and the reliability of the available official statistics evaluated. The depth, length and breadth of the contractions are studied and set...

This three-volume study of the Soviet economy presents the detailed information, analysis, and recommendations for the summary report presented to the Group of Seven industrial countries in December 1990. The study was prepared by staff members of the IMF, the World Bank, the OECD, and the EBRD

An unexpected shortage of banknotes emerged during 1992 in the former Soviet Union. The cash shortage is explained by the asymmetry in the monetary union that prevailed, under which one member (the Russian Federation) controlled banknote production while every member could create deposit money....