, civil service wages are an important determinant of corruption. Under shirking models, the level of wages is of secondary … and wages across developing countries. Tests as to the validity of the two different efficiency wage models are …

The methodology used in this paper has three distinguishing features: the natural rate of unemployment and potential …

various tax rates lead to lower budget deficits in the long run, as a result of an expanding tax base and lower unemployment …

This paper examines the impact of trade costs on real exchange rate volatility. We incorporate a multi … exchange rate volatility depends on relative technological differences and trade costs. These differences highlight a new … volatility. We then test the importance of this channel using a large panel of cross-country data over 1970-97, and find strong …

This paper examines the impact of trade costs on real exchange rate volatility. The channel is examined by constructing … higher trade costs result in a larger nontradable sector. This, in turn, leads to higher real exchange rate volatility. We …

predictions of the theory …