-sector employment and have helped raise standards of living. However, the growth model has involved costs: the public-sector wage bill … is relatively high, there is limited employment of nationals in the private sector, labor productivity has declined or …

This paper discusses tax and expenditure policy reforms to raise employment. Using data for 58 advanced and emerging …. The focus is on incentives to increase labor demand and supply rather than on the impact of fiscal policy on employment … principles which should guide the design of country-specific fiscal reforms to boost employment. A comprehensive set of tables on …

large an effect on employment as untargeted reductions for equal initial budgetary cost, while employee social security tax … reductions have a negative effect on employment. They also point to the presence of “self-financing,” whereby reductions in …

Governments often intervene in labor markets with the aim of reducing inequality and promoting employment. Such …