This book, which reflects the IMF staff's work in Afghanistan from early 2002 through the first quarter of 2004, provides an overview of the institutional and economic achievements in Afghanistan in the post-Taliban period, that is, from late 2001 to early 2004. During this period, the staff...

In this study, economic developments and achievements, the role of the IMF, strong economic recovery, the formulation and implementation of the government’s budgetary policy, and the progress made in rebuilding fiscal institutions are first discussed in detail. An overview of the challenges...

This report examines the recent economic developments and prospects, and the role of the IMF in the reconstruction process for the Islamic State of Afghanistan. Since January 2002, the IMF staff has been heavily involved in assisting the Afghan authorities rebuild key economic institutions and...

Two main issues at the interface between economic growth and financial stability are germane to this year's article four consultation and the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) update: the first is why the recent pace of financial catching-up has been so much slower in Poland than in its...

In March 1999, Poland implemented a systemic pension reform that involved the introduction of a multi-pillar pension system to replace the defined benefit (DB), pay-as-you-go (PAYG) system that had been operating since 1949. This technical note on the pension sector was elaborated as part of the...

This paper reviews economic developments in Poland during 1995–96. The focus is on macroeconomic developments in the real, fiscal, monetary, and external sectors, respectively, while structural policies are also reviewed. The paper examines the Polish tax system, the exchange and trade system,...

This Selected Issues paper and Statistical Appendix analyzes fiscal costs associated with Poland’s accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and European Union (EU). The paper highlights that Poland’s accession to the EU could result in fiscal costs in certain areas, especially in...

This Background Paper examines sources of net international reserve inflows for Poland. It shows that once estimate of unrecorded border trade is included, both the current and capital accounts are in surplus. The paper illustrates the methods through which estimates of unrecorded trade can be...

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country

This Selected Issues paper on Poland analyzes tax reform in the country. It highlights that in common with many countries, Poland’s personal income tax is based on a definition of global personal income, though some income sources (such as dividends and interest income) are taxed under...