The five Regional Economic Outlooks published biannually by the IMF cover Asia and Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Western Hemisphere. In each volume, recent economic developments and prospects for the region are discussed as a whole, as well as for...

Der Länderbericht des IMF über Usbekistan gibt einen Überblick über den wirtschaftlichen Hintergrund und die Wirtschaftsstruktur des Landes. In weiteren Kapiteln wird die jüngere wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und die Wirtschafts- und Reformpolitik für 1992 dargestellt. Die Felder für...

Der Bericht des IMF über Tadschikistan gibt einen Überblick über die Wirtschaftsstruktur des Landes und beschreibt dann die jüngere Wirtschaftsentwicklung anhand der einzelnen volkswirtschaftlichen Aggregate. In einem weiteren Kapitel werden die Felder der Wirtschafts- und Reformpolitik...

This occasional paper provides an overview of the economic reform experiences of the Central Asian states of the former Soviet Union since their independence at the turn of the decade. The choice of countries reflects not only a geographical grouping, but also similarities in the types of...

This paper examines the impact of the opening up of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union on Western Europe. The analysis suggests that given reasonable (yet necessarily imprecise) assumptions on the likely developments in the previously centrally planned economies (PCPEs) over the next ten...

This paper discusses reviews major issues and developments in the trade area and outlines the problems in the multilateral trading system that governments face as they seek to liberalize trade in the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations. The paper's emphasis is on policy developments in the major...

Rodriguez and Rodrik (2000) argue that the relation between openness and growth is still an open question. One of the main problems in the assessment of the effect is the endogeneity of the relation. In order to address this issue, this paper applies the identification through heteroskedasticity...

Assiduously tracking the trends and consequences of globalization, the IMF's quarterly magazine Finance & Development has been a major forum for discussing-and dissecting-the policy options and challenges faced by governments in an era when many national decisions transcend borders. This...