implications of current policies for future public finances. This could be problematic, including in the case of Europe, where …, even in excess of its GDP level, and is projected to worsen further over time. This suggests that Europe’s current policies …

, France, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Together, these agreements provide a total of …

These Technical Notes on France explain integration of global financial markets. The stress tests for the France … constraints of the approach. Retail activity by foreign banks in France is small, but significant. The financial landscape in … France remains characterized by a large number of idiosyncrasies that affect monetary transmission. Macroeconometric models …

This cross-country paper explains differences in external sector performance among four large euro area countries—France …, Germany, Italy, and Spain. The paper discusses that during 2001–04, the performance of the external sector differed markedly …

Union is a major achievement but also a difficult process in the four countries (France, Germany, Italy, and Spain) …

This paper examines and compares the instruments and procedures currently employed by the central banks of France …, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States for implementing monetary policy in the short run. The analysis …